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Trees Our Saviours Summary in English |
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Trees Our Saviours Summary in English
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Trees Our Saviours Summary in English
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The forests of the Himalayan region have played an important role in the lives of the people of Uttarakhand. They provide fodder for their animals, wood for fuel, fruit for food and herbs for medicine. Forests also protect the area from floods and land degradation during the rainy season.
Deforestation started in the nineteen seventies. Trees were cut. As a result, there was nothing to prevent soil erosion. The fast-flowing rainwater carried not only soil but also huge rocks, causing landslides and flooding the rivers. In addition, by removing trees from the forest, the people who depended on them for food and fuel faced great trouble. They had to travel far and wide to collect wood for cooking, plants for food and medicines, and graze their animals.
People were angry but helpless. They did not know what they, ordinary villagers, did to stop the destruction of their forests. For a long time, rich forests were being destroyed by contractors. One morning in March 1973, a group of people from a factory manufacturing railway coaches came to the village of Gopeshwar in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand. They had come to cut the Mohina trees. The wood was to be used to make sleepers for the railways in the plains. The villagers requested the tree-cutters to go back but they refused to go back. The people then decided that no matter what happened, they would not allow the axes to touch those trees. They said,
Come, save our valuable trees. Let's cling to them so that no one can reach them. , , .. and they all ran forward shouting 'Chipko-Chipko'. Seeing the change in the situation, the people who came to cut the trees got frightened and they ran away. People were successful in saving their trees. Thus the 'Chipko' or embrace the trees' movement started. It was a non-violent movement of the hill people to save their trees by embracing them.
The villagers of Gopeshwar had saved their trees but the contractors were not going to give up easily. He chose another forest which is about 60 km from Gopeshwar. was away. This news reached Gopeshwar. Then all the villagers - men and women, old and young - started moving in a procession. They were walking with drums and trumpet and conveyed messages in it with their hands. The flags were taken -
People with axes could not lift their axes. they fled. The 'Chipko' idea won once again. The trees were saved. The message spread throughout the region. People understood that if they could save their forests, then the forests would save their soil, water and livelihood for them. Many such incidents happened. Later this mass movement became famous all over India and the world. Thus people came together to work to protect their forests.
He organized himself through several organizations, especially from women, such as Dasohli Gram Swarajya Mandal, to revive the dead forests. In this way, the Chipko movement has proved to be very valuable in the conservation of forests. It helped people in the conservation of forests. Important lesson taught.
Trees Our Saviours Summary in Hindi
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हिमालय क्षेत्र के जंगलों की उत्तराखण्ड के लोगों के जीवन में एक महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका रही है। वे उनके जानवरों के लिए चारा, ईंधन के लिए लकड़ी, भोजन के लिए फल और चिकित्सा के लिए जड़ी-बूटियाँ प्रदान करते हैं। वन बरसात के मौसम में बाढ़ और भूमि क्षरण से इस क्षेत्र का बचाव भी करते हैं।
उन्नीस सौ सत्तर के दशक में जंगलों की कटाई आरम्भ हुई। वृक्षों को काटा गया था। परिणामस्वरूप मृदा को क्षरण से रोकने को कुछ नहीं था। तेज बहते हुए वर्षा का जल अपने साथ केवल मिट्टी ही नहीं बल्कि विशाल चट्टानें ले जाता था जिससे भूस्खलन होता था और इनसे नदियाँ भर जाने पर बाढ़ आ जाती थी। इसके अतिरिक्त जंगल से पेड़ों को हटाने से, लोग जो भोजन और ईंधन के लिए उन पर निर्भर थे, उन्होंने बड़ी परेशानी का सामना किया। उन्हें खाना पकाने के लिए लकड़ी, भोजन एवं दवाइयों के लिए पौधे इकट्ठा करने और अपने पशुओं को चराने दूर-दूर तक जाना पड़ता था।
लोग क्रुद्ध थे परन्तु असहाय थे। वे नहीं जानते थे कि वे, साधारण ग्रामीण, अपने वनों का विनाश रोकने के लिए क्या करें। एक लम्बे अर्से से समृद्ध वनों को ठेकेदारों द्वारा नष्ट किया जा रहा था। मार्च, 1973 की एक सुबह, उत्तराखण्ड के चमोली जिले के गोपेश्वर गाँव में रेलवे कोच बनाने वाले एक कारखाने के लोगों का एक समूह आया। वे मोहिन वृक्षों को काटने आये थे। लकड़ी का प्रयोग मैदानी क्षेत्रों में रेल्वे के लिए स्लीपर बनाने में किया जाना था। ग्रामीणों ने पेड़ काटने वालों से वापस जाने की प्रार्थना की परन्तु उन्होंने वापस जाने से मना कर दिया। लोगों ने तब यह तय किया कि चाहे जो हो जाए वह कुल्हाड़ियों को उन वृक्षों को छूने नहीं देंगे। उन्होंने कहा,
आओ, अपने मूल्यवान पेड़ों को बचाएँ। आओ उनसे लिपट जाएँ जिससे कोई उन तक नहीं पहुँच सके। . . .. और वे सभी ‘चिपको-चिपको’ चिल्लाते हुए आगे की ओर दौड़े। स्थिति को बदलता देख वृक्षों को काटने आये लोग भयभीत हो गए और वे भाग गए। लोग अपने वृक्षों को बचाने में सफल हो गए। इस प्रकार ‘चिपको’ या वृक्षों को गले लगाओ’ आन्दोलन आरम्भ हो गया। यह पहाड़ी लोगों का अपने वृक्षों को गले लगाकर उन्हें बचाने के लिए एक अहिंसावादी आन्दोलन था।
गोपेश्वर के ग्रामीणों ने अपने वृक्षों को बचा लिया था परन्तु ठेकेदार भी आसानी से छोड़ने वाले नहीं थे। उन्होंने दूसरा जंगल चुन लिया जो गोपेश्वर से लगभग 60 किमी. दूर था। यह समाचार गोपेश्वर पहुँचा। तब सम्पूर्ण गाँववासी-पुरुष एवं स्त्रियाँ, वृद्ध एवं युवा एक जुलूस में आगे बढ़ने लगे। वे ढोल और तुरही बजाते हुए चल रहे थे तथा हाथों से इसमें सन्देश की । तख्ख्यिाँ लिए हुए थे –
कुल्हाड़ी लिए लोग अपनी कुल्हाड़ी को नहीं उठा सके। वे भाग गए। ‘चिपको’ विचार ने एक बार पुनः विजय प्राप्त की। वृक्षों को बचा लिया गया। पूरे क्षेत्र में सन्देश फैल गया। लोगों को समझ आ गया कि यदि वे अपने वनों को बचा सके तो वन उनके लिए उनकी मिट्टी, जल और जीविका को बचाएँगे। ऐसी कई घटनाएँ घटित हुईं। कालान्तर में यह जनान्दोलन पूरे भारत और विश्व में प्रसिद्ध हो गया। इस प्रकार लोग अपने जंगलों की रक्षा करने के लिए काम करने को एक साथ आ गये।
उन्होंने मृत वनों को पुनर्जीवित करने के लिए दसोहली ग्राम स्वराज्य मण्डल जैसे, कई संगठनों के माध्यम से – स्वयं को संगठित किया, विशेष रूप से महिलाओं से। इस प्रकार चिपको आन्दोलन वनों के संरक्षण में बहुत मूल्यवान सिद्ध हुआ है। इसने वनों के संरक्षण में लोगों को एक . महत्वपूर्ण सबक सिखाया है।
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